polarization

Summary The paper introduces a novel approach to high-precision Stokes polarimetry using liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs) instead of mechanical rotating waveplates or intensity-splitting techniques. The commercialized Stokes polarimeter achieves superior accuracy, measuring polarization states with uncertainties under ±2×10⁻³. The system is evaluated against a traditional photodetector, showing discrepancies within ±0.3° for linear polarization angles. […]