Because the human eye is insensitive to polarization, valuable optical information often goes unnoticed. However, polarimetry—the measurement of a light wave’s polarization state—is crucial in fields such as biology, chemistry, astronomy, and remote sensing. This paper explores methods for accurately determining the retardance value and fast axis position of an unknown waveplate and highlights liquid crystal-based polarimetry techniques that enable non-mechanical measurement. Applications include detecting tissue birefringence changes in biology, solar imaging in astronomy, polarimetric visualization, and landmine detection. These advancements offer enhanced optical measurement capabilities across multiple scientific disciplines.

Keywords: polarimetry, liquid crystal polarimeter, waveplate measurement, tissue birefringence, solar imaging, remote sensing, optical metrology, polarization state analysis, non-mechanical polarimetry, landmine detection.